Geographic development of New England Colonies and affects of Research Paper

Geographic development of New England Colonies and affects of Mayflower Compact - Research Paper Example The New England Colonies was a result of the lack of religious freedom in England. When the Puritans immigrated to America, they started colonies where there leaders emphasized Christianity. This group of people were referred to as Puritans since they sought to purify the churches in the New England (Pastoor 388). The authorities banned those who did not agree with them from the colonies to go and initiate their own colonies. Rapid growth of New England colonies was a result of rebels who built colonies of their own. Currently, the New England states are Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire as well as Rhode Island (Bremer55). The geographical location of the Puritans was defined as the part of America that in breath was from 40 to 48 degrees of the north latitude (Bremer 550). The location in length was across the mainland from sea to sea. Agriculture practices of the Puritans went hand in hand with the nature of the environment they lived in. The Puritans cultivated most of their food. They also began fishing and lumbering also took charge. The soil was however thin and rocky hence they could not cultivate cash crops. Because of the nature of the soil, they believed it was a sign from God that encouraged them to work harder in their farms (Pastoor 388). They also kept dairy cattle and the geographical layout supported this economic activity. The Connecticut River valley provided water as well as pasture for the cattle (Bremer 55). The native species of grasses in the bottom and upper locations of the river grew in red sandstone soil, which was the best of soils (Bremer 55). While religion and politics w as the centre of attraction, the Puritans sough to concentrate on the higher pastures, the good soil and practical agricultural use of the same soil. The Puritans were industrious and built a strong economic base. They participated in slave trade; they made and sold iron, pots, kettles and a variety of tools in other

Tunnel of Love Essay Example for Free

Tunnel of Love Essay Earth has many hidden, unique and beautiful places. Ukraine boasts one of the most romantic places in the world: Tunnel of Love. Located near the town Klevan, â€Å"The Tunnel of Love† became an unique attraction in the world. It was formed on the train tracks, through union branches of trees, turning into a tunnel of green vegetation. There is however one problem with this â€Å"tunnel†. As it passes a train track and should be on your toes if you want to visit him. The Tunnel which covers railway conducted over a length of about three kilometers. This is the way of a train carrying for a wood factory in the region three times a day. They say that couples who go through the tunnel and make a wish have their wish fulfilled. Klevan is an urban-type settlement in the Rivne Raion of Rivne Oblast in western Ukraine. Its population is 7,470 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Klevan is accessed via the T1B17 and H22 roads, and is located 28. 3 km northwest of Rivne and 50. 4 kilometres southeast of Lutsk along the H22. Klevan lies on the Stubla River. There’s a real place in the Ukraine that looks like this. This beautiful train tunnel filled with greenery is located in Kleven, Ukraine. Locals call it the â€Å"Tunnel of Love† and it’s beautiful even when it’s not all green. We love seeing natural architecture here at Inhabitat, and the leafy green Kleven train tunnel is a beautiful example of what happens when nature is allowed to grow freely around manmade infrastructure. The tunnel was made over many years as the passing train molded the trees’ lines. The train turned a luscious piece of woodland into a unique passageway as it traveled back and forth 3 times a day over several years. In addition to serving as a train route, the tunnel is used by lovers to make a wish – it is said that if they are sincere in their love, their wishes will come true. If you are out and about Ukraine, don’t miss this fantastic green passageway – whether you are with a loved one, or on your own. This gorgeous long, leafy tunnel looks like a green dream or a scene from a film but it can actually be found deep in the forests of Ukraine. Located near the town of Kleven, this luscious green tunnel provides passage for a private train that provides wood to a local factory. Measuring 1. 8 miles long, the unusual rail route in Eastern Europe is also a popular spot for lovers promises. The train turned a luscious piece of woodland into a unique passageway as it traveled back and forth 3 times a day over several years. The tunnel was made over many years as the passing train molded the trees lines. In addition to serving as a train route, the tunnel is used by lovers to make a wish it is said that if they are sincere in their love, their wishes will come true. If you are out and about Ukraine, dont miss this fantastic green passageway. Its worth seeing whether you are with a loved one, or on your own.

Mirror for Man: Product of Two Cultures :: Mirror for Man Essays

"What constitutes culture?" is a controversial question to which many anthropologist must respond. Culture, as defined by Clyde Kluckhohn, is human nature, the way of life of a people. Each culture differs from the rest because it deals with a different people in a different social environment. Each is defined by generations of ancestors who have set the boundaries of social custom. I agree with Kluckhohn's view that culture is the result of an individual's upbringing, for I have had the experience of being exposed to two vastly different cultures. When I immigrated to the United States from Vietnam in 1975, I was caught in the midst of two vastly different worlds - the strict, rigid social ideals of my Oriental background, and the carefree, relaxed American lifestyle. Somehow, I must try to achieve a balance of these two worlds. The American culture was at first an enigma to me. I was just an observer on the edge, looking in. I was intimidated by these Americans who were so forward and outspoken, who were so uninhibited in their speech and action. Contrasted to this is my strict upbringing, which greatly emphasized the "virtues" of meekness and quiescence. I was aghast at the relationship between American children and adults, who converse and interact with each others as friends and equals; I was always expected to respect my elders, to only listen and obey. These differences in American and Vietnamese cultures were not predestined by God, nor do they arise from biological or environmental differences. They result from different ideas and values, different social legacies each group has inherited from its people. The past twelve years in the United States have radically changed my life, for time has redefined the way I think, feel, and behave. I am no longer hovering on the edge, for I am now an American who has adapted American customs and the American way of life. Yet I still retain Oriental customs and values that have been instilled in me in early childhood. These two cultures have permanently become a part of my self. I am a product of the American and Vietnamese cultures, for I have been brought up by these two peoples. COMMENTs: This essay falters at the start. In explaining Kluckhohn's ideas about what causes the similarities and differences among the world's peoples, this essay misreports Kluckhohn by saying that he defines culture as "human nature" -- precisely the opposite of what Kluckhohn says.

Crime and Punishment :: essays papers

Crime and Punishment The main character of the novel Crime and Punishment by Feodor Dostoevsky, Raskolnikov, is in reality two totally contradicting personalities. One part of him is the intellectual. This part is cold and inhumane. It is this side that enables him to commit the most terrible crime imaginable - taking another human life. The other part of his personality is warm and compassionate. This is the side of him that does charitable acts and fights out against the evil in his society. This dichotomy of Raskolnikov’s personality can be clearly seen through the dream about the mare, as well as through other characters in the novel. Raskolnikov's dream about the mare can be used to probe deep into his mentality to discover how he really feels inside. The dream suggests that Raskolnikov is a "split" man; after all, his name in Russian means, "split". He has a cruel and thoughtless side as well as a caring, compassionate side to his personality. Through the dream and the symbols within, a reader can cast Raskolnikov, as well as other characters from Crime And Punishment, into any of the various parts in the dream. Each part that a character takes on leads to a different conclusion about that character. Raskolnikov himself "fits" into the positions of Mikolka, the child, and the mare. If Mikolka, the drunken owner of the mare, were to represent Raskolnikov, then the mare would most probably represent Alyona Ivanovna. The senseless beating of the mare by Mikolka is similar to the brutal attack on Alyona by Rodion. These heartless attacks foreshadow the crime that Raskolnikov is contemplating. Dostoevsky unveils Raskolnikov's cruel side during this dream, if it is to be interpreted in this way. Similarly, the little boy could represent Raskolnikov’s compassionate side. The child, watching the beating, realizes the absurdity of it. He even rushes to Mikolka, ready to punish him for killing the mare. This illustrates Rodion's internal struggle while contemplating the murder of Alyona. His humane side, the child, tells him to ‘live and let live’. And his "extraordinary" side, according to his definition, tells him that he should eliminate Alyona altogether, for the good of mankind. The flip side of this is that the mare itself could represent Raskolnikov. However, the burden which the mare must carry (the cart, the people, etc.

Travelling Agency Project

In recent era, many people are doing their jobs far away from their homes so, they will prefer a medium which help them to reach out there rather driving their own vehicles because it might be costly for some people whose income is not that much high. Looking to all the criteria regarding the need of people, we have decided the product which will meet customers’ need. Here, we are much clear about the objectives of providing efficient services to the customers who prefer to travel with our medium of travel.We will develop the different kinds of strategy which can be fruitful to us to analyze the need of the different customers in the market because in market there are many identical agencies who are also offering the services to the existing customers. So we will consider all due factors which can help to find appropriate segment for our product. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENT SCANNING Before entering into any service sector, we have to take care of certain things int o the mind like competitive environment, market area of the service and profitability of it and so on. Competitive environment:First of all, we need to identity our competitors in the market and after that what are their position in the market and how much market share they have. Our major competitors are 1. Mahasagar 2. Eagle 3. Shreenath 4. Ashvamegh 5. Patel Except above mentioned travel agencies, there are many localize firms out there into the market who are catering similar kinds of services. Environmental scanning: Environment scanning will help to identify the target market for which agency is made. By scanning various factors, Agency will successfully capitalized on the new marketing environment.We will scan few factors while entering into market as given below. * Economy condition of travelers based on that service would be provided * Needs and trends of the market for agency * By offering low price, corporation will draw new customers and market share as well. * Accessibi lity of customers is required to consider. VALUE PROPOSITION The value proposition consist of the whole cluster of benefit the company promises to deliver, it is more than the core proposing of the offering. No corporation will sustain without considering benefits of the customers in competitive market.Our core proposing is providing transport facility with safety. Our travelling agency will provide certain benefits to grasp the market, which are as under: 1. Pick up facilities at near the houses 2. Push back facilities for customer’s comfort 3. Mineral water 4. Breakfast facilities during regular interval 5. Entertainment facility (Movies) The value proposition is statement about the experience customer will gain from the company’s market offering and from their relationship with supplier. Deliver Satisfaction & Maintain customer loyalty:Value delivery system includes all the experiences the customer will have on the way to obtaining and using the offering. In sim ple word way of deliver satisfaction is a set of core business proposition that help to deliver distinctive customer value. The way to satisfied customer is to providing more benefit than any other competitors provide. We are giving or delivering all benefit to customers and giving best experience to using product. Our provided facility meets easily customer expectation. It is said that if you want to satisfied customer then know his expectation.Loyalty of customer is refers to stick on to particular brand. Loyalty of customers to particular brand depends on brands offering & benefits. Our provided facilities satisfied customer but new facilities which we promise to provide customers is help to maintain customer loyalty. One of reason is that we tried to providing best services to each customer. Consumer Market By analyzing consumer market we can easily come to know about behavior of customer. Behavior of customer depends on several factor like cultural, social, personal & P sychological factors.In our business of traveling agency choice of customer to travel in bus largely affected by social class of people. Mostly middle class people are traveling through buses. We are also providing best facility or lavishness for upper class group. In short run group of higher class choose to travel through his personal vehicles but in long run they want comfort and choice to travel through bus which providing luxurious facility & also match with its personality & lifestyle. Branding Branding is like name is enough to sell your product.It may be logo punch line, symbols & slogan. Your brand should be known in the market is called brand equity. Branding strategy: Our brand is very well known to our target market. We are also give timely advertisement through different media newspaper, Electronic media to maintain share of heart of customer. Our slogan is for branding is â€Å"TRAVELING IS FUN† which is already crafted on our bus, so it is always me morable to our customer & give cognizance to our brand. Dealing with competition Our primary competitor is as we discussed patel, mahasagar, eagel, etc.As eagle having major market share and being market leader in travelling service, the niche market strategy adopted by eagle is by launching ‘mercedize-benz† for targeting upper class segment of the market by providing luxurious services and facilities to satisfy the customers. SETTING PRODUCT STRATEGY Our provided services is unique in terms of characteristics & better then competitor. Most advantage provided by us is main component of service that is price. Our price for trip from one place to another place is competitive. We are also providing holiday packages. Services levelsEach levels adds more customer value and the five constitute a Customer Value higherchy. Designing and managing service Pricing Strategy So far we are discussing we are providing competitive price for trip. Now we will discuss what are the main strategy for setting price. Pricing Strategy Pricing objective should be Market skimming, Maximum market share, Become a best service provider, Survival, Maximise profit etc. Our objective is create and increase market share with delivering value to customer which help to become a best service provider. In our business of traveling prices for trip may be fluctuate time to time on the basis of demand.In summer vacation holidays trip becomes costlier. During off season prices for trip is lower by offering discounting schemes. Cost is also more affective factors for determining price of trip. Because this factor can’t be ignored by owner. Cost may be maintaining cost of buses, fuel etc. Competitor prices also consider while fixing the price of product. Because if price of competitor is lower than us then passenger will move or switch over to competitor. There are various pricing methods to decide price of products. We are using markup pricing methods.In which cost of servi ce is determined and then expected profit percentage will be added to the cost of services. We are also considering price of competitor which is running in the market. After applying the markup method of pricing we will charge or ticket price is decide for various trip. Marketing Channels There are 3 types of marketing channels. We are using newspaper & television advertisement as communication channel. Sometime we are distributing pamphlet with newspaper in the time of vacation. For delivering and promoting our service of traveling we have agents who are facilitating services.

Animal Research Essays - Animal Welfare, Bioethics, Animal Testing

Animal Research Essays - Animal Welfare, Bioethics, Animal Testing Animal Research Experimenting with animals in the scientific field is causing a problem throughout America. Many Americans do not approve of the abuse and torture of the animals by scientists and other organizations. People do not want the victims of torture (animals) to suffer the side effects of medical testing or die. Things such as visual problems, abnormal sexual behaviors, hearing loses, or and deformities, are viewed as irreplaceable. Testing should be allowed to be done on a small percentage of animals and the human being tat want to take their places. True enough there has been over 10 million dogs a year destroyed by different groups, such as public pounds, animal shelters, and humane societies. But if animal testing is done within particular guidelines, Americas population will not decrease. Testing on a small percentage of animals would allow necessary testing to be done and will prevent the destroying of too many animals. Animals do have rights as being a living creature. That is why there are laws that protect them. The Federal Animal Welfare Act of 1966 ensures that research done on animals respects their well-being (King 696). This act was amended in 1970, 1976, and 1979 by the United States Congress. The United States Department of Agriculture has ordered periodic inspections of all all animal-research facilities (King 696). But they did void out research on animals completely. People that do not agree with animal testing should volunteer themselves for testing. How is civilization supposed to find cures for diseases, create better medicines, or develop in alternatives to physical abnormalities. Some people suggest testing on computers or modern technology. They are human-like as far as internally, if they do not like the use of animals they would have to use humans for testing. Would the disagreeing people like to volunteer to be subjects for testing. If one of the Animal Rights advocates were to become diagnosed with an incurable disease, they would want research done to help find a cure for the disease. Using animal testing could be beneficial to finding a cure for that person. Would he then approve the cause.

Argentavis - Facts and Figures

Argentavis - Facts and Figures Name: Argentavis (Greek for Argentina bird); pronounced ARE-jen-TAY-viss Habitat: Skies of South America Historical Epoch: Late Miocene (6 million years ago) Size and Weight: 23-foot wingspan and up to 200 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Enormous wingspan; long legs and feet About Argentavis Just how big was Argentavis? To put things in perspective, one of the largest flying birds alive today is the Andean Condor, which has a wingspan of nine feet and weighs about 25 pounds. By comparison, the wingspan of Argentavis was comparable to that of a small planeclose to 25 feet from tip to tipand it weighed anywhere between 150 and 250 pounds. By these tokens, Argentavis is best compared not to other prehistoric birds, which tended to be much more modestly scaled, but to the huge pterosaurs that preceded it by 60 million years, notably the giant Quetzalcoatlus  (which had a wingspan of up to 35 feet). Given its enormous size, you might assume that Argentavis was the top bird of Miocene South America, about six million years ago. However, at this time, terror birds were still thick on the ground, including descendants of the slightly earlier Phorusrhacos and Kelenken. These flightless birds were built like meat-eating dinosaurs, complete with long legs, grasping hands, and sharp beaks that they wielded on their prey like hatchets. Argentavis probably kept a wary distance from these terror birds (and vice-versa), but it may well have raided their hard-won kill from above, like some kind of oversized flying hyena. A flying animal the size of Argentavis presents some difficult issues, chief of which is how this prehistoric bird managed to a) launch itself off the ground and b) keep itself in the air once launched. Its now believed that Argentavis took off and flew like a pterosaur, unfurling its wings (but only rarely flapping them) in order to catch the high-altitude air currents above its South American habitat. Its still unknown if Argentavis was an active predator of the huge mammals of late Miocene South America, or if, like a vulture, it contented itself with scavenging already-dead corpses; all we can say for sure is that it was definitely not a pelagic (sea-flying) bird like modern seagulls, since its fossils were discovered in the interior of Argentina. As with its style of flight, paleontologists have made a lot of educated guesses about Argentavis, most of which, unfortunately, are not supported by direct fossil evidence. For example, analogy with similarly built modern birds suggests that Argentavis laid very few eggs (perhaps an average of only one or two per year), which were carefully brooded by both parents, and presumably not subject to frequent predation by hungry mammals. Hatchlings probably left the nest after about 16 months, and were only fully grown by the age of 10 or 12; most controversially, some naturalists have suggested that Argentavis could attain a maximum age of 100 years, about the same as modern (and much smaller) parrots, which are already among the longest-lived vertebrates on earth.

7 ways to avoid letting envy ruin your career growth

7 ways to avoid letting envy ruin your career growth Even though it’s ideal to always keep your eyes on your own career, we’re only human. It’s almost impossible not to look at your friends and colleagues to see where they are in their job, what they’ve done by a certain age, and how much they’re making compared to you. In fact, envy can be a very useful tool and motivator for personal and professional success, provided it comes in the appropriate doses and is put to the best possible use. But if you let it spiral out of its bounds, it can eat you alive- and even ruin your life.Here are a few tips you can follow to make sure you’re comparing yourself to others for the good of self-evaluation and motivation, rather than endless comparison that will only lead to anger or unhappiness about others’ successes.1. Check your reactions.When a close friend or colleague scores a lucky break or achieves something great, what is your reaction? Are you a seething green monster, or are you excited for them, no matter how motivated you are to accomplish great things yourself? And when something bad happens to someone, are you quietly doing a happy dance or are you truly sympathetic for their hardship? Hint: You want to feel good when good things happen to the good people in your life and bad when bad things happen to them. If your reactions are reversed, you have some work to do.2. Get off the Internet.There’s nothing worse for stoking spirals of negative emotion and envy than social media. If you can’t be trusted to use Facebook or Instagram without losing oodles of time and your own humanity, just suspend your accounts. Take a break or cut yourself off entirely- especially if you spend most of the time looking at your high school acquaintance’s successful lifestyle blog. It’s just not worth the risk to your soul.3. Only compete with yourself.If you’re comparing yourself constantly with others, restructure your focus. Instead, start comparing y our present self against your past. How much progress have you made? Enough? Too little? Are you actually killing it by this metric? Remember, you usually have no idea where anybody else began, and with what benefits. It’s no use playing a silent competition game that you can’t win.4. Become the best version of yourself.It is impossible to be authentic and yourself if you’re constantly looking outward. Instead, start caring more about your own personal development and less about how others see you, what they do, or what they are. Be original and authentic and get noticed for who you are, not who you envy.5. Focus on taking action to get what you want.You want the momentum that gets you chugging your way to the top? That requires focus, determination, and hard work- none of which you’re doing if you’re constantly in the hamster wheel of envying your co-workers and friends. You’re also compromising your ability to be an effective networker- al so a crucial piece to your success. Trust yourself enough to be able to sell your capabilities and capacities at the highest possible value, and trust everyone else to take care of themselves.6. Be empathetic.Try putting yourself in someone else’s shoes. That person whose successes have you blowing steam out of your ears is impressive and shiny on the outside, but might be harboring all sorts of hurts and challenges within. Try to see past the social media posts to the human underneath.7. Practice gratitude.Instead of coveting every little thing you don’t have, try being more grateful for what you do have: Your current job. Your current rung on the ladder. How far you’ve come. This doesn’t mean you can’t strive for more or better; it just means you shouldn’t dismiss what you’ve already earned.

Negotiable Instruments and Bankruptcy - Secured loan in Saudi Arabia Essay

Negotiable Instruments and Bankruptcy - Secured loan in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example Saudi Arabia appreciates suretyship from individuals or companies to reduce the liability of the debt. Most importantly, according to the law guiding commercial mortgages a pledge to have a movable asset as a security for a debt related to a mortgage is regarded as a commercial relationship with the debtor (ARTICLE 1). This implies that a movable asset and all the parties, whose rights and commitments are attached to it can be used to act as a surety against a mortgage. It is imperative note that, a mortgage asset is that one that is saleable and outlined into detail in a current of future mortgage contract. On equal measure, all the properties that have not been acquired cannot be assumed to be mortgaged (ARTICLE 2). This is because there no substantial certainty that the intended plans of acquiring will materialize and in the event that, the properties are not acquired the mortgage contract becomes obsolete. This study finds out that, a mortgage becomes a debt if the amount of the secured debt is established in the mortgage contract. Lien as an option in a mortgage contract A lien is a right offered to another by the owner of a property to secure a debt. Notably, a lien can be the creation of the law for specific creditors. The lien is an option in Saudi Arabia and the mortgaged property can be used as collateral. ... This situation requires the real owner or mortgagee creditor to assert is authority to a substitute mortgage. In inapplicable cases, the mortgagee creditor may annul the contract. For reliability and functionality of this concept, the mortgage and the secured debt must remain indissoluble or enjoined. This is because; the concept of the validity and satisfaction of the mortgage will be only relevant if and only if, the secured loan is valid and satisfactory (ARTICLE 5). For example, if the mortgagor is a different entity other than the debtor, then he shall be entitled to assert the defenses that relates to the debt and he is required to sustain this right even after the relinquishment of the debtor. Sustenance of this right is fundamental in reclaiming the property because e is the real owner. The procedure of enforcement The enforcement procedure depends on the possession rights. For instance, the mortgage shall not be imposed against third party unless the possession rights of the mortgage asset are transferred to the mortgage debtor. This is to ensure that the third party continues to enjoy benefits as he continues to repay the loan. On the other hand, in case of the absence of the mortgage creditor an escrow, who is an individual designated by the mortgage creditor to be in possession of the mortgaged assets and the interest is accruing to him on behalf of the mortgage creditor. The overall essence in this scenario is to allow the mortgage debtor to possess the property until the mortgage is satisfied. On equal measure, the escrow or the mortgage creditor designated by two contracting parties shall assume the ownership rights of the mortgaged asset if the property is put at his disposal through the provision of deeds indicating transfer

Since the mid-nineteenth century income inequality across nations has Term Paper

Since the mid-nineteenth century income inequality across nations has increased dramatically. Discuss the sources and consequenc - Term Paper Example Nineteenth century witnessed collapse of pre-modern empires like the Roman Empire (Mokyr 40). As a result, new political entities, including the British and German empires came into existence. These changes created corresponding dynamics within economic sectors in affected regions. Since then, the world continues to experience shifts in economic dynamics from one region to another. Numerous theories strive to explain causes and consequences associated with these economic shifts. In order to understand what really happens, it is appropriate to look back at history and identify what caused economic changes at those times. Subsequently, we will be able to explain current economic inequality witnessed in modern societies across the world. Introduction In this context, political and social changes that took place during industrial revolution makes 19th Century the starting point of contemporary economic disparities. This period saw the rise of European powers into leading advancement in e xplorations and social modernization. Great Britain championed industrial revolution, which totally changed productivity and wealth creation across the globe. It was during this time that scientists came up with numerous breakthroughs in the field s of mathematics, electricity, chemistry and metallurgy (Mokyr 43). As a result, Great Britain and other European nations resolved to engage in industrial production of goods and mining activities. In this case, new resources that were not discovered and exploited in earlier empires came into existence. Improvement of transport networks through railway lines and establishment of urban settlements changed ways of living. On the other hand, Japan, Germany, and Portugal embarked on programs meant to spark modernization within their economic sectors. Great Britain led the world into abolition of slave trade in Europe, America, and Brazil. As a result, adoption and application of Liberalism started prevailing in modern government systems. Liber alism translated into the economic system of capitalism, which advocated for liberalized pursuit of economic goals by individuals within the society. Therefore, those who had access to key raw materials could utilize them for profit and wealth generation (Mokyr 44). On the other hand, poor citizens of these empires were employed in mines and industries as casual laborers. In this regard, integration of Liberalism and Capitalism marked inception of economic and income inequalities. In addition, globalization derives its roots from this period when economic performance of one nation could influence performance in another related country. Colonization spread into Africa and Asia where colonizers acquired additional wealth from unexploited territories. As a result, the scramble and partition of Africa by European’s major powers influenced economic changes through wealth acquisition from the colonies. All these economic changes resulted in advancement and increase of economic dist ribution and income inequality in the world. Income Inequality: Definition In this context, income inequality or economic inequality refers to distribution of assets and factors of production within a given economic region under consideration. Factors of economic production include major assets like land, capital, and labor. Income inequality changes depending on the period of time and economic

Social Media Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Media Project - Assignment Example The topics circled to address customer trust issues are wide ranging from the employees, product launch and customer service. However, the core problem identified is the customer care and after sales services as highlighted by the selected posts below. The negative perception by customers makes one wonder why Wal-Mart is still the largest retail chain in the world. A key profit determinant would be improvement in the public relationship area for it would multiply their current earnings based on the obviously large number of dissatisfied customers which must be the fraction enjoyed by its competitors. No. Date Feedback 1 12th 04/2012 Webersouza Flamengo: Always admired Wal-Mart till it came to Brazil and got hired. Disappointed because it segregates customers and employees according to its own preference. He was fired. 2 11th 04/2012 Kimberly Smith Higashi: Wal-Mart had a grand opening in San Jose L.A and totally forgot it’s all about customers who were neglected and felt disap pointed for attention was reserved to Wal-Mart executives and Employees. 3 11th 04/2012 Sandy H. Parker: Disappointed by Wal-Mart Online order services because her order was delayed and moved to a later delivery date and the customer care did not have courtesy to inform her. 4 10th 04/2012 Ben R. Dazzle: He claims Wal-Mart is the worst thing to ever happen in USA because it uses child labor from immigrants as well as chokes down small family retail businesses. 5 9th 04/2012 The worst store to buy a computer: Wal-Mart only cares before it gets your money then changes. Their goods do not reflect the warranties thus when defective, consumers end up suffering. Wal-Mart does not investigate the sources of its products. The above 5 posts represent a summary of 30 posts evaluated from the start of March this year to the current day. The main issues of concern can be diagrammatically represented in a pie chart as follows. The leading was dissatisfied customers from poor after sales services which included purchase of faulty products that were not accepted back in exchange by warranties and guarantees. The employees were not effective in advising the customers on how to service and maintain some of the purchased products. No one really cared after money was exchanged for a product reason being they had many more people to serve. Poor customer care was also an issue especially with regards to low effectiveness and efficiency in the customer service department. Delays and inconveniences highlighted this segment, many a times causing embarrassment to the customers. Majority vowed never to come back in these incidences. Misplaced marketing vision is best defined at new outlet launches where the attention seemed to be given to the executives and staff members thus making consumers feeling unwanted. The store also pays more attention in marketing themselves rather than what they offer to the consumers. Adverts should show a substantial content of what brings people into the stores; the products and services, rather than magnificent buildings and smiling employees. Weak employment policies refers to the child labor issues with focus on foreigners, low pay packages to employees, poor working conditions which make employees tired and thus impacting on customer interactions in a negative way. It is evident from the site that Wal-Mart has done little to explore social media options as well as collect electronic

Communication in Social Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communication in Social Work - Essay Example communication is a reciprocal process among all these factions, some of which are not overly amenable to reciprocal interaction, begins to highlight why effective communication skills must be developed for a social worker to be effective. At the same time, it is important to remember that communication does not refer to just words, but also to a whole body of unspoken language that is depicted in letters, tone of voice over the phone or body language and facial expression in face to face meetings. According to Koprowska (2005: 6), â€Å"The quality of the relationship and the quality of communication are deeply connected with each other †¦ Communication is by definition interactive.† To help foster effective communication skills, it is helpful to both practice and analyse practice as a means of determining what was done well and what could be improved upon. Toward this end, a video recording of one social worker’s encounter with a client will be analysed to determi ne what was effective and what could be improved. The video analysed is available through Facebook, submitted by Gavin Lacey. It depicts the arrival of a social worker at the home of a young woman with two very young boys. The sound quality is poor, making it difficult at times to discern what is being said, particularly at the beginning when the case is introduced, presumably providing the viewer with the same basic information the social worker has been provided as to this particular family situation. The video spans from the social worker’s arrival at the apartment, through the beginning stages of the initial interview with the young woman. Rather than depicting through to the end of the interview, the video cuts off after approximately three minutes of conversation. The scenario presented in the video is that of Sylvia Walker, the social worker, visiting with Lorraine, a young woman with two young boys who has been reported as not properly caring for the boys. The opening segment of

The most prominent battles of the Civil War of America Essay

The most prominent battles of the Civil War of America - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that June 10, 1864, marks the day of the Battle of Brice’s Crossroad. It was a civil war that was fought between the union and the confederate near Mississippi. The Confederates were led by Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest, the victorious commander and the unions were led by Brigadier General Samuel D. Sturgis, the losing commander. It is one of the most famous civil war because the outnumbered unions were badly defeated by the Confederates, who in number were almost half their army. The main reason behind the splendid victory of Forrest is the outstanding war planning. The tactic that he devised to weaken the union army, the place that he chose to meet the unions in the battle, use of secret intelligence were all in favor of the victory of Forrest. He planned to attack the main cavalry first and then move on further to the remaining army. The main cavalry tried to defend themselves and when they reached Brice Crossroad to inform their army and alert them, they were exhausted and confronted with the fresh army of Forrest. This proved very helpful for the Confederates. The place that had been decided by Forrest to be the battleground was much near to the supply depot of the confederates and very far from the depot of the unions. This made the unions deprived of the supply and although being outnumbered gave no benefit to them because of the shortage of the supply.

Communication in Social Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communication in Social Work - Essay Example communication is a reciprocal process among all these factions, some of which are not overly amenable to reciprocal interaction, begins to highlight why effective communication skills must be developed for a social worker to be effective. At the same time, it is important to remember that communication does not refer to just words, but also to a whole body of unspoken language that is depicted in letters, tone of voice over the phone or body language and facial expression in face to face meetings. According to Koprowska (2005: 6), â€Å"The quality of the relationship and the quality of communication are deeply connected with each other †¦ Communication is by definition interactive.† To help foster effective communication skills, it is helpful to both practice and analyse practice as a means of determining what was done well and what could be improved upon. Toward this end, a video recording of one social worker’s encounter with a client will be analysed to determi ne what was effective and what could be improved. The video analysed is available through Facebook, submitted by Gavin Lacey. It depicts the arrival of a social worker at the home of a young woman with two very young boys. The sound quality is poor, making it difficult at times to discern what is being said, particularly at the beginning when the case is introduced, presumably providing the viewer with the same basic information the social worker has been provided as to this particular family situation. The video spans from the social worker’s arrival at the apartment, through the beginning stages of the initial interview with the young woman. Rather than depicting through to the end of the interview, the video cuts off after approximately three minutes of conversation. The scenario presented in the video is that of Sylvia Walker, the social worker, visiting with Lorraine, a young woman with two young boys who has been reported as not properly caring for the boys. The opening segment of

Operation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Operation management - Essay Example Slack and Lewis (2008) identified three basic verticals for companies such as finance, marketing and operations while finance and marketing activities have close linkage to operation management Slack & Lewis (2008, p. 4) defined operation management as â€Å"it is the management of systems or processes that create goods and/or provide services.† Consideration of research works of Slack, Chambers & Johnston (2007) and Hsu & Tang (2010) reveals the fact that operation management has close linkage with supply chain activities. Slack, Chambers & Johnston (2007) defined supply chain management as the sequence of activities in order to supply resources throughout every phases of value chain. As part of synchronization of supply chain activities and operation management activities; facilities, functions and activities are being used. Facilities- warehouses, processing centres, offices, factories, distribution centres and retail outlets are the place where operations are took place (S lack, 2004). Functions and activities- operation management is collective act and not only operation manager but also supply chain partners and workers play vital role in performing activities like delivery of the resources or final output to facilities, inventory management, customer service, scheduling of operational activities, information management, forecasting of future demand, purchasing of material, designing new product, quality assurance testing etc (Slack, 2004). While describing nature of operation management in context to manufacturing sector, Slack (2004) and Slack & Lewis (2008) used the following model. Figure 1: Operation Model (Source: Slack & Lewis, 2008) According to the above model, operation management is backed by three strategic verticals such as resources, capabilities of the firm and process that will be deployed in manufacturing new product or processing a service. As part of resources; equipments, financial capital, staff, sourcing from suppliers and tech nologies is being used in operation management. As part of capabilities of the firm; application of state of art technology, quantitative formulation of process and process diagrams are being used by operation managers and respective staff members. As part of process; job design, movement of goods in the facilities, process design, new product concept design, new product development etc are being used as part of operation management. So, what is the role or types of activities that operations managers are involved in operation management? Answering the question is not simple because types of activities of operation manager differ significantly with the change in nature of business for organizations. For example, operational activities of operations managers in manufacturing plan cannot be same operational activities in bank. However, some basic activities of operations manager for manufacturing facilities can be identified as, 1- managing the resources that are being used in differe nt phases of manufacturing, 2- developing and adjusting production schedule, 3- monitoring and controlling quality in

Primary education Essay Example for Free

Primary education Essay According to the Kenyan government, education is â€Å"A long term objective to provide basic quality education to enhance Kenyans ability to preserve and utilize the environment for productive and sustainable livelihoods, to develop quality of the human race; to realize the universal access to education and training for all including the disadvantaged and the vulnerable and as a necessary tool for development and protection of the democratic institutions of human rights† (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005 pp2). The current Kenyan education system consists of Early Childhood Education, primary and secondary education. Early Childhood Education takes one year. At the end of the primary education, pupils sit for the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) prepared by the Kenya National Examination Council. Performance in the KCPE determines who is admitted to secondary schools. At the end of secondary education, students sit for the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education. Primary school education in Kenya is a basic and is considered the root of all formal and informal learning in Kenya. Free and compulsory primary education for Kenyan children was one of the key pre-election promises that led the NARC government led by President Mwai Kibaki, to ascend to power in December 2002. Since then, an estimated 1. 5 million children, who were previously out-of school, have turned up to attend classes (Paul Kenya, 2008). The free Primary Education policy was first implemented in January 2003. The FPE policy focuses on attaining Education For all and in particular, Universal Primary Education. Key concerns are access, retention, equity, quality and relevance and internal and external efficiencies within the education system (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005a, pp3). Through the FPE policy, the NARC government scrutinized the current 8-4-4 systems, which had previously been coupled with retention and reduced enrolment before it came to power. The policy’s focus is on â€Å"quality education and training as a human right in accordance to Kenya law and international conventions† (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005 pp3). VISION Quality education for development. (Elimu bora Kwa Maendeleo) MISSION To provide, promote and co-ordinate lifelong education, training and research for KLenya’s sustainable development. POLICY OBJECTIVES 1. To achieve education for all (EFA) by 2015 2. To achieve transition rate of 70% from primary to secondary from the current rate of 57% 3. To enhance access, equity and quality primary education 4. To achieve 50% improvement levels of literacy by 2015 5. To attain universal primary education (UPE). This is in line with the United Nation’s Millennium Development Goals 6. To reduce the number of primary school children drop outs. ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE POLICY 1. Increase in number of children enrolled in primary schools. Primary education has witnessed phenomenal growth since the policy was established. The number of primary school pupils rose dramatically from 5. 9 million in 2002 to 7. 6 million in 2005 to 82. 78 in 2009, according to a World Bank report, published in 2010 2. Significant reduction in the repetition rate. The number of students repeating and dropping out has reduced significantly() this may be attributed to the fact that parents no longer have to think about paying school fees. CHALLENGES FACED BY THE POLICY. 1. Delays in Funds Disbursement Delays in distributing funds to support free primary school education is one of the challenges facing the policy implementation. This has frustrated many teachers, put pressure and on parents financial burdens. Teachers thus lack motivation to teach the increasing number of pupils as a result of the introduction of the policy. 2. Teacher Shortages A UNESCO survey on the evaluation of the Free Primary policy (UNESCO, 2005) indicates that the teacher: pupil ratio, in a significant number of schools was 1:70 which was far beyond the recommended maximum rate of 1:40. Such a high ratio has got challenges. For example, teachers find it impossible to pay attention to all learners, especially the slow ones. Also teachers were not able to give adequate assignments to the pupils, as they could not cope with the marking and teaching workload (UNESCO, 2005). 3. Teacher-Learning Facilities There is a challenge in the limited teacher-learning facilities, which forces pupils to share. Sharing of facilities such as textbooks, exercise books, pens e. t. c has affected pupil’s accessibility to the books while at home and many have to do their homework early in the morning the next day when in school. There is also the issue of inadequate physical facilities where most schools did not have adequate classroom to accommodate the large number of pupils enrolled under the FPE programmes. 4. Managerial Skills Most school managers (the head teachers) are not well equipped in managerial skills. This is to say that their managerial skills are poor and these results to poor results by the schools they head as well as mismanagement of available funds. 5. Mobility from Public to Private and within Public Schools This may not be a major challenge but it still is a challenge. Teachers complain that pupils’ frequent transfers from one school to another at any point of the term and in any class affect content delivery. This may be as a result of a preference for free and cheaper education, school availability and its proximity as well as the highest grade offered in a school. A lower fee is also a factor, and cheaper or free schools seemed to be an important motivation for school transfer. 6. Embezzlement of Funds and Corruption Embezzlement of funds is a core challenge. Some government officials are corrupt and hence there is mismanagement or misallocation of funds that are allocated to them, (UNESCO, 2005). For instance, the sponsor’s funds; this makes some children who are poor miss the opportune moments of schooling. I addition to that, senior officials in the Ministry of Education, in Kenya have been accused of protecting corrupt headmasters suspected of embezzling funds because they are also indirectly benefiting from incentives that are being paid by parents, disgruntled senior education officials have revealed, (UNESCO, 2005). RECCOMENDATIONS 1. Timely release of funds. Funds should be released as soon as they are available. This will ensure the teachers and students remain motivated to learn. 2. Increase numbers of teachers employed and increase their wages. Increasing the number of teachers permanently employed in public primary schools will help to take care of the teacher-student ratio. Increasing their wages will also ensure that the teachers are motivated to do their work well. 3. Investing in Teacher-Learning Facilities. The government should invest in building more classrooms to reduce the current congestion in the classrooms. The government should also work hand in hand with sponsors and international investors to ensure the pupils have enough books, pens and other facilities needed by both teachers and pupils. 4. Training of managers. Heads of schools should be trained on how to manage the funds given to them as well as efficiently running the schools. 5. Monitor ministry officials and those handling the funds. An organization or body that can monitor the ministry officials and those handling the funds such as the anti-corruption commission of Kenya to ensure that those handing the funds are not corrupt and those caught in corrupt practices face the law. REFERENCES 1. UNESCO (2005). Challenges of implementing free primary education in Kenya: assessment report. Kenya. Nairobi: Ministry of Education, Science Technology. 2. Okwach, A. and George, O. (1997). Efficiency of primary education in Kenya: situational analysis and implications for educational reform. Nairobi: Institute of Policy Analysis and Research. 3. UNESCO (2006). Fact book on education for all, UNESCO Nairobi 4. Voss, R. ; Bedi, A. ; Kimalu, P. K. ; Manda,D. K. ; Nafula,N. N; Kimenyi, M. S. Achieving universal primary education: Can Kenya Afford it? University of Connecticut: Department of Economics working paper series.

Matalan Architecture and Infrastructural Investigation

Matalan Architecture and Infrastructural Investigation Introduction to my Organisation BLAG I chose Matalan as my organisation to undertake my report on as it was the most convenient option since I work there part time and have worked with a lot of the systems they use currently. Matalan is a well-established fashion retailer based in knowsley and has over 200 stores across the U.K (Advameg, 2017). I decided to concentrate on a single store rather than the whole business as it would be too complex and be hard to gather all the information due to the wide scale of the company and this branch is called Matalan Sefton an is located on switch island retail park which is one of the first original stores to open in the company. I decided that the store was suitable store to use with the use of various technology used and the architecture and infrastructural system suggests that there was more than enough information that could be gathered in order to write an in depth report on. Collection of information Before I started any writing of the report I made sure had permission to discuss Matalans information and explained it was for not non-profession use. I originally asked my manager which she agreed to participate. However, as Matalan are a nationwide company a lot of their IT is out sourced and the manager gave me the number of the IT department. I rang explained the situation and organised a meeting at their head office in Knowsley lucky enough this is not too far away. I made a questionnaire and brought this to the meeting where I typed the answers and the information can be found in appendix. I also discussed the stores information system infrastructure and was shown the companies system model however I had to create my own version of this and this can be found in the appendix 2. During the process of the report I was in constant contact with my manager using verbal communication and any questions I needed to ask was solved by him this was particular useful for the type of hardwar e the store had as the meeting with head office was a brief overview of all the companies stores an werent specific. Report Findings The information gathered in this part is taken from appendixes 1, 2 3.1 Hardware Software The store has company standard three HP desktop PCs all have windows 10 implemented to be able to run the latest software to manage the store. Two of the desktops are located in the back office which are connected to the fax machine and printer. Another desktop PC is situated at the customer services help desk which is the most up to date out of them all due to the refurbishment of the store they decided to replace the old PC. This desktop PC is HP Pavilion 23 q141in N4R49AA Desktop PC with processor Speed of 2.2 GHz with 8GB of RAM this machine is used at the customer service desk and is used to search for delivers and return PayPal orders. The other latest Desktop PC is HP Pavilion p6-2014 Desktop PC Product with processor speed of 2.1 GHz and 8 GB of RAM this is used for the overall management of the store and this is connected to the fax machine HP 2140 Fax. The oldest is HP Pavilion p6112p Desktop PC with 8 GB RAM and 1TB hard drive and this desktop is connected to the HP LaserJ et P2035 mono printer which is a quite old machine in comparison with the rest of the hardware this is due the lack of use. On these Desktop PCs office 365 business is installed and is used to communicate by email, store data in the cloud and use the software available such as word, PowerPoint. Matalan use HP desktops as they have a good reputation for lasting long and have a few years warranty and have the necessary platforms them to run various software. The store also has three IP Phone devices all the same model called MiVoice 5330e which is used to exchange calls, voicemails and allow to hold the call. Matalan current use POS system called torex retail j this services allows the store to monitor transactions and stock levels, reports, manages the rota and manage the overall running of the store ect. (POSmatic Software, 2017) suggests that Point of Sale system is a connection with the hardware and software for checkoutsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ where individuals transport and place the items or products they have chosen to purchase from the locationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ so that credit card processing could be more easily and securely integrated. This system saves the company time as doing it manual would take time. The system also captures details of the customers and stores them on their Matalan card and on the database, it shows what the customer has purchased on the card. For the till points Matalan also used the software peninsula for their barcodes and have installed their peninsula barcode scanners called Phoenix II on each till point to scan the barcodes of products and any promotion codes that is valid. This software stores all the current barcodes for all the products in the system with the price and recognised them once scanned. Another software Matalan uses is Numero which is used to create reports on the performance level of the store and recognize different trends in the sales. For example, it will record hourly and daily totals then create graphs where you can compare the figures to different times for instances what was the sales total for this day 1 year ago and compare whether the business is up or down. These reports are useful for head office as it allows them to compare all 217 stores and gives them an idea which ones need to improve. Matalan also uses Remote Pensoft to which is a payroll system that hosts the payrolls then Matalan can gain access to the system and processes the payroll. The system calculations the taxes for each individual from their national insurance number. 3.2 Operating systems FINISH TONIGHT According to (Capron, Mitchell, Swaminathan, 2001) An operating system is a set of programs that lies between applications software and computer hardware; it is the fundamental software that controls access to all other software and hardware resources. Matalan use several computer systems as stated previous they use windows 10 on all desktop PCs as it run the necessary software the store needs to be able to run it successfully without any major problems. They also use this the manufacturer as they offer a graduate for all the product if something goes wrong. Matalan use torex retail j as their POS system to operating the till system and have had this system since 2013 and has served them well with not too many problems and if there is there is an on-call technician to combat any issues. 3.3 Networking Facilities (Englander Engl, 2014) indicated that networking is an essential component of modern technology infrastructure, providing the ability to interconnect devices to make it possible to share resources and services, to share and exchange data and knowledge and, even communicate. Matalan networking facilities is network connected online to the store server which is then permanently connected through the Ethernet to the head office. Matalan network exchanges real time information from head office to the back-office system vice versa to maintain information for every single transaction processed, to be able to check current stock, check delivery date, and to able to keep up with the latest promotions across Matalan. This network is suitable for a huge company like Matalan which is important to have a good infrastructure as it connects all the stores to one place to distribute data and communicate fast. 3.4 Security issues FINISH TONIGHT 3.5 Legal Ethical Requirements BLAG Data protection pci compliance It code of conduct As a company Matalan, must follow certain legislations with the importantly of the data they handle with certain penalties against the business if found not to be following. The company must follow the PCI compliance which (ControlScan, 2017) states is a set of security standards designed to ensure that ALL companies that accept, process, store or transmit credit card information maintain a secure environment. Matalan must be follow this compliance within all their stores as they are held liable if the business fails to follow the strict legislation and would result in the company being fined or sanctioned. Matalan lack of security would damage the customers trust in the business however Matalan currently have a strong security defend. The security solution has been invested in which is normally is issue when stores fail to follow due to the lack of budget. As Matalan store and use data they must follow the Data Protection Act which protects information held about people from being misused. According to Copyright, 2017, the Data Protection Act the information being stored must be: Obtained fairly and lawfully Used only for the purposes stated during collection Adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the intended use Accurate and up to date Not kept for longer than necessary Processed in line with your rights Subject to procedures to prevent unlawful processing, accidental loss, destruction and damage to personal data Protected from transfer to an area outside the European Economic Area (EEA) unless adequate protection exists for that data 3.6 Key Areas The Key areas for the Matalan is their head office department this is where the server replies on its network. I found this out first hand as a couple of months ago I was working on the tills the whole network went down which affected the chip and pin machines and this lead to the whole companies stores not being able to process no transactions with cards. The stores only back up were to use the old manual card imprinters which is not a very effective way to trade as it was time consuming. This highlights the importantly of computer systems for organisations as they are heavily reliant on them and wouldnt be able to cope with the demand. Systems Diagram Matalan current system infrastructure works effectively as it is simple and has good connectivity. However, I think the currently system should a back-up server in case anything goes wrong. This could be a network outside the company and in an emergency, there is that network to back it up which would decrease the chances of loss of earnings due to not being to complete sales. Strengths Weaknesses of the Organisations Computer Systems FINISH TINIGHT Technological Strategies FINISH TINIGHT New Emerging Technologies When we discussed new technology, we looked at rival retailers and what they had implemented. With most of the big companies have starting to use E receipts which is an electronic receipt that emailed to the costumer once they have they purchased items. This is beneficial to not only the customer but the store itself as it saves money on printing and paper cost. It also allows Matalan to market to customers and for the customer they are less likely to lose their receipts. Contactless is the latest technology hitting the high-street shops as it makes purchasing goods a lot easier and make transactions faster however Matalan havent yet implemented it into their stores but the manager stated that there has been talk of installing it this year across all store. A similar technology that could help the company sales is Apple/Android pay which is a digital wallet allowing safe payment by phone with finger print technology. This could increase sales as if the customer hasnt got any cash/card on them they could still purchase items and follows the same benefits as contactless. Matalan have a customer card system which the customer details are on the card allowing Matalan to market to the customer through email and send promotions. They have recently brought of a smartphone app called Matalan Reward Card App to replace the card, this has helped to promote offers by having the reward card on the app allowing the customer to see if they have any vouchers, alert customer if sale and update on the latest offers. Another form of technology Matalan could introduce to store is IPad and installed them to be able to order items into store for example large items like furniture as they only sell these on the website. References Advameg. (2017). Matalan PLC company profile, information, business description, history, background information on Matalan PLC. Retrieved from http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/14/Matalan-PLC.html Capron, L., Mitchell, W., Swaminathan, A. (2001). Asset divestiture following horizontal acquisitions: A dynamic view. Strategic Management Journal, 22(9) Copyright. (2017, February 1). Data protection principles. Retrieved from https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/data-protection-principles/ Englander, I., Engl, I. (2014). The architecture of computer hardware, systems software, networking: An information technology approach (5th ed.). United States: John Wiley Sons. POSmatic, I., Software, P. (2017). Point of sale (POS). Retrieved from http://www.posmatic.com/point-of-sale/what-is-point-of-sale.php http://www.conceptdraw.com/How-To-Guide/LAN-Diagrams Appendices Appendix A Questionaire Matalan Questionnaire: What Hardware is available for the store? Including any specialised resources? 3 desktops Printer Fax machine What software is available for the store to use? Retail j Retail manager Numero software peninsula software Remote Pensoft- payroll Windows pro Webmail Are there any strategies for commissioning or developing new hardware or software resources? contactless What Operating System(s) is available for the store to use? Retail java pen Why is this operating system chosen to be used in store? What networking facilities does the store have? Are there any security issues on the network? What security features do you have in place to prevent security issues? Are there any new technologies helping to benefit the store? What are the legal/ethical requirements for the store? Data protection PCI compliance It code of conduct 10. How does Matalan benefit from utilising computer systems? Help trade Quicker Productivity increase Increase sales Management Appendix B Hardware Specifications

A Boys View of Playland :: Amusement Parks Essays

A Boy's View of Playland Most everyone enjoys an amusement park. Whether we delight in being jolted and swung by some wild ride, or enjoy the quieter pleasure of munching a candy apple while the younger ones squeal their way round and round, we feel a natural attraction for such a place. But none that I have seen as an adult, from Disneyland to Six Flags, measures up to my boyhood memories of Whitney's Playland at the Beach in San Francisco. Playland was wonderful because of the rides, the exhibits, and most of all, the people. Obviously, exciting rides are a boy's first love in an amusement park, and Playland offered almost more stimulation than I could stand. The Fun House featured a giant rolling barrel to run and tumble through, a huge flat wheel that flung riders into the wall, and a hardwood slide about four stories high. Near the Fun House was the Diving Bell, a converted Navy rescue cylinder that descended thirty feet into a shark-filled tank of seawater and exploded back up again, creating a miniature typhoon every five minutes or so. But nothing matched the Ride in the Clouds, a scarlet roller coaster whose roar and clatter were audible a block away, even over the pounding of the surf. Walter Sparks and I had to work up our courage a long time before we dared ride that one. Finally, though, we found ourselves in the second pair of seats from the front, rumbling up past the sign that said "RIDE AT YOUR OWN RISK," and watching the panorama of sky and sea. Then the coaster tipped over into a heart-stopping dive, plunging down, down, until we had knifed underground into a roaring tunnel that blasted us skyward again. The next peak offered almost as good a view as the first, if only our eyes had been open. When the ride was over we stepped shakily out, grateful to be alive and ready to brag in school on Monday. Quieter, but no less interesting, were Playland's exhibits. A favorite was the Crime Does Not Pay building, which contained grisly artifacts from man's brutal past. I would linger in the gloomy halls of

Race & Ethnicity in Social Sciences Essay

Defining identity can be complex and therefore we have to investigate the factors involved that make us who we are and how we are seen by others, collectively or individually. Social scientists have to consider the key elements which shape identity, the importance of social structures and agency involved. The differences and/or similarities between us are the focus that categorise and label us in society. Knowing who we are is important for many reasons including, social rights, obtaining a passport, housing, health, employment, marriage, and over all, being able to ascertain who we are, and belong. The terms ? race’ and ? ethnicity’ are central features in the process of categorisation. ?Racial’ or ? Ethnic’ identifications are produced as part of a social process, which is dynamic and changing. Therefore we know that identities are not static and terms such as ? race’ and ? ethnicity’ cannot cover the changing categories without being dynamic terms themselves. The use of quotation marks with these terms is adopted to emphasise that the terms are broad terms and aim to avoid discrimination or misrepresentation of groups under the umbrella term.? Race’ is commonly used by media and society to portray the physical differences between people, however, social scientists choose to show that the term does not refer to exact biological differences, is stereotypical, and the quotation marks emphasise the concept as more of an assumption which has political implications. The term is socially constructed and therefore does serve an essential purpose in society as it has real affects and associations. The term ?ethnicity’ refers to cultural practices and history, such as religion, language and territory, where a person or a group derives from, summarising their beliefs and traditions, therefore, ethnicity applies to everyone, necessitating the birth of terms ? minority ethnic group’ and ? majority ethnic group’ (Questioning Identity, Ch 4, P124, section 2. 3) to subcategorise identities in relation to ethnicity. Social scientists use quotation marks around these terms to signify that the blanket term does not distinguish between personal and social identity, but acts mainly as a collective identity concept. For example, identification on a British passport may categorise the holder as being ? British’ although they may be Scottish/Chinese. Social scientists prefer to call UK society a ? multi-ethnic† society. These subgroup identities highlight the relational factors which exist in categorising identity, each requiring the other in order to make the comparison between ethnic differences, power and status. Racialization and Ethnicization are preferred concepts as they contribute more to the idea that the identities we adopt are part of a process and are not static, referring to a dynamic process rather than a fixed state. Categorisations from the 1970’s onwards, such as the definition of ? black’ or ? white’, were too vague, and failed to recognise the specific needs of other ethnic minorities. In order to monitor and measure statistically the discrimination and underachievement of such groups, collecting ? ethnic’ statistics in relation to ? race’ and ? ethnicity’ was necessary and these can be found in official government censuses. Over the years it became apparent that categorisation of ethnic groups in the censuses rendered some groups ? invisible’ (Questioning Identity, ch 4, p 137, section 4. 1. 1), for example Irish and Welsh. The category of ? white’ has had to be expanded into subcategories as the ? white’ grouping classification remained singular within the censuses until 2001, and ethnicization of ? whites’ was too generalised. (â€Å"Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward ch. 4 p138 – Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1991) These amendments show us that there have been changes in ethnic representation and that there is more awareness regarding ethnic identities and needs. The sub-categorisation of ethnic identities is used in everyday life such as in the media, job applications and insurance documents. The importance of the emergence of new and changing identities in a multi-ethnic society has led to uncertainties about what it means to be ? British’. In the 1980’s for example, the Commission for Racial Equality sponsored research into the claims by Irish ethnic groups making claims that they were discriminated against by public and private agencies as their ? invisibility’ misrepresented their particular needs. (Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward, ch. 4, p145). The 1960’s â€Å"Black is Beautiful† movement (Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward, ch4, 2. 2, p118) campaigned the category of ?black’, inclusive of Asians and any other non-white groups, as inappropriate and too wide an assumption. Collective group action and social creativity disputed the terminology of ? black’ and involved a struggle to alter the social meaning of blackness, as opposed to the more ? powerful’ ethnic majority status of being ? white’. This redefined black social status and proved that black identities were not fixed but dynamic, changing from a term with connotations of disrespect, to one of pride, proving identities are collective and political as well as individual and relational, â€Å"Whiteness is used as an invisible marker against which other ?ethnicities’ are judged† (Kath Woodward, Questioning Identity, Ch 4, p 136, Section 4. 1). REFERENCES DD 121, Questioning Identity: gender, class, ethnicity. Kath Woodward, The Open University, Routledge, 2004. DD121, Workbook 1, Norma Sherratt, David Goldblatt, Maureen Mackintosh and Kath Woodward, The Open University, Routledge, 2004. DD121, Block 1, The Open University, TV02 Defining Moments DD121, Block 1, Audio 2, The Open University, Audio 3A DD121, Block 1, Audio 2, The Open University, Audio 3B.

Havisham and Anne Hathaway Poem Comparison Essay

The poems ‘Havisham’ and ‘Anne Hathaway’ by Carol Ann Duffy both portray two women thinking about men; however they have very opposite emotions. The speaker in ‘Havisham’ feels a mix of emotions but mainly bitter hatred and violence towards the man who left her at the altar. Anne Hathaway, however, thinks very fondly of Shakespeare in the second poem. Both poems involve strong emotions and the use of the first person in each helps to make the emotions seem more personal and immediate. The first three words of ‘Havisham’ are â€Å"beloved sweetheart bastard†, this oxymoron shows the speaker’s contrasting emotions towards her lover; she used to love him but now hates him for leaving her. The speaker in ‘Anne Hathaway’ however, describes Shakespeare as â€Å"My living laughing love†, she has affectionate memories of him and even though he is dead she talks as if he were alive. The speaker in ‘Havisham’ has been completely consumed by her hatred. She says there is â€Å"not a day since then/I haven’t wished him dead†. She is unable to stop thinking about him; she can neither forgive nor forget him. It seems that Anne Hathaway, too, often thinks about her loved one. She, however, remembers him in the context of â€Å"the bed we loved in† and remembers how blissful and contented she felt with him in that bed. Anne Hathaway uses vivid imagery to describe Shakespeare and their bed. The speaker describes their bed as â€Å"a spinning world/of forests, castles, torchlight, clifftops, seas†. It is as if when she is in bed with Shakespeare she is in one of his plays, in some exotic location or enchanted, magical world. Imagery is also used to describe the effects that the intense anger has had on Miss Havisham. When she looks in the mirror she says: â€Å"Her, myself, who did this to me? † This shows that her appearance seems unfamiliar to her and she is shocked by her transformation. She now has â€Å"dark green pebbles for eyes†, this suggests she is stony and dead inside, unable to feel love because of the pain she has suffered. She also now has â€Å"ropes on the back of my hands I could strangle with†; by saying this it shows not just how she has physically changed but also shows her murderous thoughts. Both â€Å"Havisham† and â€Å"Anne Hathaway† involve beds. In â€Å"Anne Hathaway†, Anne and Shakespeare’s bed is the stage for â€Å"romance and drama†, and while in bed with him Anne feels like â€Å"he’d written me†, as if he has brought her into being. In their bed they are making poetry together, whilst in their best bed, guests are â€Å"dribbling†¦ prose†. Miss Havisham, however, is alone in her bed, it is devoid of romance. Instead her bed is saturated with grief and hatred as all she does is â€Å"stink and remember†, she is not making poetry in her bed, instead she spends â€Å"whole days/in bed cawing Nooooo at the wall†. In her bed she fantasises having her sweetheart’s â€Å"lost body† over her, and she imagines her â€Å"fluent tongue in its mouth†, this macabre image shows how underneath her anger Miss Havisham feels lonely. The structures used for the poems vary. ‘Anne Hathaway’ is written in the form of a sonnet. This form was often used by Shakespeare so it is fitting that the character of Anne Hathaway should use it too. In ‘Havisham’ the structure looks orderly with four lines in each verse but this contrasts with the content of the poem and doesn’t reflect Miss Havisham’s confusion. The characters in both of the poems are holding onto memories of their loved ones. Miss Havisham cannot stop thinking about the day her sweetheart left her. She has been unable to move on and she is even still wearing her â€Å"yellowing† wedding dress. Anne Hathaway says she is holding onto the precious memories of Shakespeare, â€Å"in the casket of my widow’s head†, this is an apt metaphor because a casket is where you put valuable items and she is therefore keeping her memories safe. Both poems vary in nature. â€Å"Anne Hathaway† is quite a sensual poem. â€Å"Havisham†, however is quite an angry and at times violent poem, for example in the final verse the speaker says: â€Å"I stabbed at a wedding-cake Give me a male corpse for a long slow honeymoon† Her stabbing shows her violent and maniacal behaviour, and when she says â€Å"male corpse† she is showing her underlying hatred of men and maliciousness towards them. ‘Havisham’ is a poem full of grief and regret while ‘Anne Hathaway’ is a celebration of Anne Hathaway and Shakespeare’s love. The women in both poems behave in very different manners and feel very differently towards their loved ones.

An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge Essay

In Ambrose Bierce’s short story, ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,’ he uses his setting to carry out the plot of the story better than the short film of ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge. ’ The words in the short story flow so beautifully, and give such detail as to fully understand the emotions running through Peyton Farquhar’s head as the time progresses to his hanging. In my opinion, the story’s graphic settings and imagery easily grasp the introduction rising action/climax, and conclusion as Ambrose Bierce originally wanted the story to be told. In the introduction of the short story, Bierce tells of a man, soon to be known as Farquhar, standing above a bridge engaged to be hung. As he is waiting for the lieutenant to complete preparations, he lays eyes upon a piece of drift wood in the swirling stream below the bridge. The story then goes into detail about how slowly the stream appeared to be moving the drift wood along, â€Å"He then let his gaze wander to the swirling water of the stream racing madly beneath his feet. A piece of dancing driftwood caught his attention and his eyes followed the current. How slowly it appeared to move! What a sluggish stream! (Literature 71). † However, in the short film it only represents the image of the piece of wood. This driftwood symbolizes the situation he is currently in; that he is in a chaotic predicament but is still able to ‘slowly drift’ through the problem. Therefore the story helps the reader fully grasp the introduction of the story better than the short film. During the middle of the story, before Farquhar’s last moments he thinks about his wife and children only to be interrupted by the sound of his pocket watch. As if time were slowing down in his last seconds, the interval between each tick is symbolic to how little time he has left. â€Å"Striking through the thought of his dear ones was the sound which he could neither ignore nor understand, a sharp, distinct, metallic percussion like the stroke of a blacksmith’s hammer upon the anvil.. the delays became maddening (Literature 72). † In the short film of ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,’ time speeds up and his pocket watch was taken from him by one of the officers, clearly not as in dept to relate why Bierce wrote the pocket watch into the story. Also during the rising action of the written story, it is told in great details of how he plunges into the water, and begins to swim through the stream. When he removes the noose from his neck, he sees himself performing but doesn’t follow through. He commands himself to place the cord back once he feels a sudden pang throughout his body, but his hands disobey him. This gives the reader inside details of the characters internal state, which is not expressed in the short film. Lastly, before it is known that Farquhar has been hung and this was his mind flashing through his last moments of life, the soldiers begin firing guns while he swims to safety downstream. At one point the written story tells of how he is spinning and whirled around in the water; which brings us back to the symbolism of the driftwood in the introduction. He spins round and round like the driftwood, finally caught up and not in control of the predicament he is in. â€Å"He had been caught in a vortex and was being whirled on with a velocity of advance.. spinning like a top (Literature 75). The film does not show the final symbolism of the driftwood and rushes through the stream to only have Farquhar advance to the bank and run through the forest to his wife and children. Therefore, in my opinion, Bierce’s written version of ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek,’ uses the setting to advance the story and plot to the readers. It is more in dept and brings all things to light: internal state, physical state, symbolism, and his flashbacks. The introduction, rising action, and conclusion were all better carried out with setting in the written version rather the short film.

Occupational Health and Safety Management Essay

Occupational Health and Safety Management - Essay Example The rest of this essay will lay out the benefits of providing a safe working environment by citing relevant legislative, financial and moral rationale. Legal Aspects: The Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act of 1986 will be the basic document of reference for my decisions and initiatives. Section 19 of the act is particularly relevant, for it outlays the duties of employers toward employee safety. This section notes that an employer must, â€Å"in respect of each employee employed or engaged by the employer, ensure so far as is reasonably practicable that the employee is, while at work, safe from injury and risks to health and, in particular, must provide and maintain so far as is reasonably practicable, a safe working environment, safe systems of work, plant and substances in a safe condition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (www.austlii.edu.au, 2012) The OHSW Act is quite thorough in the range of clauses it includes, covering all contingencies and freak occurrences. As OHS Manager of a large national transport company, one of my primary challenges is in sorting and managing the slew of complaints, grievances and lawsuits that will be raised against the company, especially against the department. But rather than an antagonistic approach toward disposing these issues, an empathetic and compassionate approach will fetch better results. (Murphy & Cooper, 2000) After all, given the high risks taken by workers by involving themselves in the transportation business, one should respect their genuine concerns and seek to resolve them. The government of South Australia has heeded to the demands of workers of the region and has tightened its laws governing OHS. The verdict on recently held case Farrell v B & A Fisheries Pty Ltd [2012] SAIRC bears out this fact. (www.safework.sa.gov.au, 2012) Financial Aspects: From a financial point of view, the costs incurred by the management in building safety nets for workers are worth it in the long run. For example, offering them disability insurance, life insurance, installing air bags in transport vehicles, etc, are worthy investments when one considers the emotional and monetary distress that they would later save employees. Creating a feeling of security and trust among employees will benefit the company by reducing attrition rates, enhancing loyalty and increasing motivation level of employees. Hence, from a financial standpoint, every dollar spent toward building safety mechanisms for worker health, will indirectly boost the bottom line. Moreover, the provisions for fines in the OHSW Act, makes it prudent to invest in safety rather than pay for negligence and poor standards. For example, under the OHSW Act, a first offence would lead to a Division 2 fine and a subsequent offence a Division 1 fine. That preventing a mishap is wiser than paying after the fact is underscored by the elaborate dictates of the OHSW Act. The moral angle is also taken into account in the Act, as it states that â€Å"an employer must so far as is reasonably practicable, monitor the health and welfare of the employer’s employees in their employment with the employer, insofar as that monitoring is relevant to the prevention of work-related injuries† (www.austlii.edu.au, 2012) The verdict on Symons v Downer EDI Works Pty Ltd [2012]

Coca Cola and their Marketing techniques Case Study

Coca Cola and their Marketing techniques - Case Study Example In recent years due to increased competition the company has involved itself in ownership of franchises all over the world. The coca-cola company produces a wide range of products, including: soft drinks (Coke, Fanta, and Sprite), Mineral water (Dasani), non-carbonated beverages (PowerAde sports beverage, flavored tea Nestea). In general the Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) only produces syrup concentrate which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold a Coca-Cola franchise. Coca-Cola bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise the resulting Coca-Cola product to retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors. The Coca-Cola Company offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries, besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage. Diet Coke was introduced in 1982 to offer an alternative to dieters worried about the high number of calories present in Classic Coke.2 The Company also introduced new soft drinks to satisfy a widening spectrum of tastes. Born in Germany, Fanta was introduced in the United States in 1960; today the Fanta family of flavored soft drinks has become one of the best-selling brands in the world. Sprite, a lemon-lime drink, followed in 1961, and in 1963 the Company introduced TAB, its first low-calorie beverage. In 1960 the Minute Maid Corporation merged with the Company, adding frozen citrus juice concentrates and ades under the trademarks Minute Maid and Hi-C to the Company's array of beverages. The Coca-Cola Company offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries, besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage. This includes other varieties of Coca-Cola such as Diet Coke (introduced in 1982 ), which uses aspartame , a synthetic phenylalanine -based sweetener , to eliminate the sugar content of the drink; Caffeine-free Coke ; Cherry Coke (1985); Diet Cherry Coke (1986 ); Coke with Lemon (2001 ); Diet Coke with Lemon (2001); Vanil la Coke (2002 ); Diet Vanilla Coke (2002); Coca-Cola C2 (2004 ); Coke with Lime (2004 ); Diet Coke with Lime (2004 ); Diet Coke with Splenda (2005 ), Coca-Cola Zero (2005), Coca-Cola Black Cherry Vanilla (2006) , Diet Coca-Cola Black Cherry Vanilla (2006), and Coca-Cola Black Tab was Coca-Cola's first attempt to develop a diet soft drink, using saccharin as a sugar substitute. Introduced in 1963, the product is still sold today, however its sales have dwindled since the introduction of Diet Coke. The Coca-Cola Company also produces a number of other soft drinks including Fanta (introduced circa 1942 or 1943) and Sprite. Fanta's origins date back to World War II

Behavior Modification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Behavior Modification - Assignment Example Action stage is that when an individual embraces new behavior for a period of 3-6 months. This is followed by the maintenance stage during which an individual continuous commitment to sustain the new behavior. The last stage is the relapse when an individual tend to have a resumption of old behaviors. Have continued to recall information have read and heard from different sources about the importance of conserving our environment. Even though it has been had to take an initiative as an individual, I have been able to resolve that I will react emotionally to the warnings of environmental protection. I have considered environmental protection as an important aspect of livelihood of mankind. I consider environmental conversation as a means of changing ways that make the entire kingdom of living things happy. Environmental protection enables the sustainability of the life from one generation to the other. As such I have resolved to save my little resources and place them with the agencies that work towards environmental protection. I have mobilized my classmates and other friends who have agreed to work with me towards the same goal. I have found that creating awareness on environmental protection is a productive way of sp=ending my free time outside school. I develop the sense of self satisfaction when I participate in environmental conservation. Environmental conservation helps in protection of property’s value through enabling the restrictions on land use and development. This helps in putting land into proper use thereby enhancing land productivity. This in turn enhances food security for both man and animals on the both short and long run. Environmental conservation enables the protection of water sheds that help in the provision of water supply for agricultural and domestic use (Bethesda, 2008). The resolve for social health change through environmental conservation has encouraged many people

Reflective journal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Reflective journal - Research Paper Example Nonetheless, I was pleased at being able to widen my area of experience and I had a positive outlook at joining the hospital. The use of the fieldwork learning framework helped me a lot in the previous placements that I had undergone so I used it to set my goals and the targets I would achieve while undergoing this hospital placement. I find this framework is especially useful in setting ones goals as it helps one apply both personal and professional resources that are available in order to continually develop a persons skills in the work place (Larkin & Hamilton, 2010). The continuous cycle allows one to go back reevaluate the progress that they have made as well as examine the different aspects that have room for improvement. The main goals I set for myself were to improve my manual hand skills as well as my documentation and interviewing skills. I spent the first day familiarizing myself with my surroundings and getting to know the other members of the staff and I got the opportunity to meet with my supervisor and formally introduce myself. I was formed on what my role as an Occupational therapist in the hospital would be and that we would mainly be focusing on the Oncology and General Surgery areas although there were many other areas that Occupational therapists could be involved in. I was a bit nervous as my knowledge on Oncology was not as thorough as I would have liked it to be and I hoped that things would go well but as the fieldwork learning framework suggests, learning is a continuous process that happens over time (Larkin & Hamilton, 2010). Once we began working, I was amazed at how busy the hospital was and the number of patients that we met on just the first day. I now believe that this plac ement will be harder than my previous ones but all in all I truly enjoyed my first day at the hospital. I have now finished my first week in the hospital and I have found it to be continually challenging. I have had to deal

US History before 1877, Development of Erie Canal Research Paper

US History before 1877, Development of Erie Canal - Research Paper Example This paper will discuss US history before 1877, with special focus on the â€Å"Development of Erie Canal†.The main points which this paper is going to cover are the historical perspective of the canal, construction of the canal, improvements in the plan and the financial implications of the canal project. The time era under discussion is between 1807 to 1825. Historical Perspective During the period between the late 18th and early 19th century the USA started to plan and develop the system of transportation throughout the country with special focus on the interiors areas and outside the localities from Appalachian mountainous regions. The main focus was on the linkage between Erie Lake and other big lakes in the coast of Atlantic by making canals. Initially a large number of survey and plans were laid out for the construction of the canal but most of them were not feasible and were rejected. The final plan was based on the survey which was carried out in 1816. Based on this s urvey the route of the canal was established. According to the plan the canal was expected to connect to the New York port at the river of Hudson close to Troy in the New York City. From Troy the flow of the canal would be towards Rome in New York. Finally it would reach to Buffalo (on the northeastern coast of Erie Lake) by passing through Syracuse and Rochester [1]. 1. Matt Rosenberg (2010), Erie  Canal, The Building of the Great Western Canal. Online accession at About.com Guide (Accessed February 12th, 2011). After the development of the route plan of the Erie Canal the major issue was the arrangement of finances for the project. A bill was initially approved by the US congress for the provision of funding for the project then named as â€Å"The Great Western Canal†. The idea was found unconstitutional by The President of time J. Monroe and he vetoed it. The matter was then directly taken by the state legislature. The legislature, after extensive examination of the plan , approved for the funding of the Erie Canal project in the year 1816 with the condition that the tolls would be paid back to the government after the completion of the project. The city Mayor of New York was the chief supporter of the canal project and helped a lot for the construction and completion of the task. Fortunately he became the governor of the state in the year 1817 and was thus able to supervise the details of the plan [1]. Construction of Canal The formal construction of the canal named â€Å"Erie canal† began on 4th July, 1817. According to the plan the initial first segment was to be proceeded from the eastern side of Rome towards the river Hudson. Most of the constructors of the canal were the rich farmers who resided along the route of the canal. They were contracted to make the small portions of the project which came along their way. A large number of immigrants from Great Brittan, Germany and Ire Land supported the construction of canal in terms of manpow er [2]. 1. Matt Rosenberg (2010), Erie  Canal, The Building of the Great Western Canal. Online accession at About.com Guide (Accessed February 12th, 2011) 2. Christopher. M (2008).  "Hints of Comeback for Nation's First Superhighway".  The New York Times. (Accessed February 12th, 2011). The portions of canal were to be dug with the help of horses and shovels. At time modern earth moving specialized equipment were not available so the construction of such plans was a tedious job. The labor cost was about 85 cents to 100 cents per day. This was a heavy amount since it was about three times the pay which a laborer earned during that time. The initial 24 kilometer of the canal - from Rome to Utica - were formally opened around the year 1819. The rate of construction was visibly slow; at the speed during that time, the canal